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PROGESTERONE _________________________________________

Progesterone is one of the hormones in our bodies that stimulates and regulates an assortment of functions. It plays a big role in maintaining pregnancy. The hormone is produced in the ovaries, the placenta (when a woman gets pregnant) and the adrenal glands. It helps to prepare your body for conception, pregnancy and regulates the monthly menstrual cycle. It also plays a role in sexual desires.

During the reproductive years, the pituitary gland in the brain generates hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and luteinizing hormone [LH]) that cause a new egg to mature and be released from its ovarian follicle each month. As the follicle develops, it produces the sex hormones estrogen and progesterone, which thicken the lining of the uterus.

One of progesterone's most important functions is to cause the endometrium to secrete special proteins during the second half of the menstrual cycle, preparing it to receive and nourish an implanted fertilized egg. If implantation does not occur, estrogen and progesterone levels drop, the endometrium breaks down and menstruation occurs.

Maintaining menstrual cycles, a function of progesterone, is important during childbearing years because shedding the uterine lining each month reduces the risk of endometrial cancer.

If a pregnancy occurs, progesterone is produced in the placenta and levels remain elevated throughout the pregnancy. The combination of high estrogen and progesterone levels suppress further ovulation during pregnancy. Progesterone also encourages the growth of milk-producing glands in the breast during pregnancy.

High progesterone levels are believed to be partly responsible for symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), such as breast tenderness, feeling bloated and mood swings. When you skip a period, it could be because of failure to ovulate and subsequent low progesterone levels.

Progesterone deficiency can also seriously affect bones and is of great concern in the development of osteoporosis. Progesterone stimulates osteoblast-mediated new bone formation, which means that progesterone actually stimulates the growth of new bone tissue and therefore osteoporosis can be reversed at any age.

Stress is also a problem when progesterone levels are too low. When under stress progesterone is converted into cortisol, the fight or flight hormone.

It is always important that your body maintains a healthy hormonal balance.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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